DISQUALIFICATION OF INCUMBENTS AS A SANCTION FOR ELECTION ADMINISTRATION VIOLATIONS IN REGIONAL HEAD ELECTIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48171/dejure.v6i3.188Keywords:
disqualification, incumbent, formal offense, regional election, legal certaintyAbstract
This research aims to legally analyze the legal construction of the element "beneficial or detrimental" in Article 71 paragraph (3) of the Regional Elections Law, viewed from the perspective of formal offenses and the stages of election law enforcement related to the enforce ment of disqualification sanctions under Article 71 paragraph (3) of the Regional Elections Law, in order to ensure legal certainty.
This research utilizes Gustav Radburg's Theory of Legal Certainty, Immanuel Kant's Theory of the Rule of Law, and Friedrich Julius Stahl's Theory of the Rule of Law. Article 71 paragraph (3) of the Regional Elections Law aims to ensure fair competition by prohibiting incumbents from using their authority to benefit or disadvantage one of the candidate pairs. However, the enforcement of this norm creates legal uncertainty, as evidenced by the disparity in rulings between the Makassar Disqualification case and the Pare-Pare case, which have similar objects of violation but different rulings.
The method used is normative empirical, prescriptive in nature with a Statute approach related to Law No. 10 of 2016, Law No. 7 of 2017, as well as implementing regulations such as KPU Regulations and Bawaslu Regulations, a Conceptual approach and a Case approach, namely the State Administrative Court (PT TUN) Decision No. 250K/TUN/PILKADA/2018 which upheld the disqualification of the incumbent. The panel of judges in this case tends to use a progressive approach that is close to the construction of a formal offense, where abuse of authority is considered legally proven. This sets a precedent that actions of abuse of power cannot be tolerated in local democracies. Conversely, in the case of the Pare-Pare Regional Election, the Supreme Court, thru Decision Number 06 P/PAP/2018, actually overturned the disqualification sanction against the incumbent.
The research results show that the phrase "beneficial or detrimental" is often interpreted materially (there must be a real consequence), whereas it should be understood as a formal offense (conduct-based) for the effectiveness of law enforcement. Inconsistency also arises from the dualism in dispute resolution between Bawaslu's binding recommendations and KPU's Decree, which can be appealed to the Administrative Court. There is a need for regulatory revisions to clarify the formal nature of the offense in Article 71 paragraph (3) and to harmonize the procedural law for resolving election administration violations to ensure legal certainty for both incumbents and election organizers.
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